The Office of the State Budget  is responsible for coordinating all Executive Budget activities including development of the Executive Budget recommendation, presentation of the budget to the Legislature and implementation of the budget after enactment. The State Budget Director is appointed by the Governor and is a member of the Governor's cabinet. The State Budget Director serves as the governor's advisor on fiscal matters and also oversees the state's accounting and payroll functions, the state's financial management system, and the Center for Educational Performance and Information (CEPI).

The Budget Development Section is responsible for preparation and dissemination of the Executive Budget, including administration of information systems required to support the budget's development. The office prepares transfer and supplemental appropriation requests for submission to the legislature, and monitors their progress through the review and approval process.

The Office of Education and Infrastructure is responsible for developing and analyzing the portions of the budget related to education, transportation and economic development issues. These budgets include the School Aid budget for K-12, the Department of Education, state universities, financial aid, community colleges, and the departments of Labor and Economic Growth and Transportation. The Office of Education and Infrastructure is also involved in analyses and approval of all capital outlay projects.

The General Government Section is responsible for budgetary analysis of general govenrment operations, including the departments of Attorney General, Civil Rights, civil Service, Information Technology, Management and Budget, State and Treasury as well as the Legislature and Executive Office.

The Office of Health and Human Services is responsible for preparation of the Executive Budget for health and human services programs. This includes the Department of Community Health, the Family Independence Agency, and other health-related expenditures of state government such as health care costs for active workers, retired workers, and retired school personnel.

The Office of Public Protection & Resources is responsible for developing the Executive Budget for criminal justice components of the state budget including the departments of Corrections, Military and Veterans' Affairs, State Police, and the Judiciary. The office also analyzes state programs concerning environmental and resource management, and food safety issues and prepares executive budget recommendations for the Departments of Natural Resources, Environmental Quality, and Agriculture.

The Office of Planning and Local Government is responsible for developing the Executive Budget for the state revenue sharing program. On behalf of the State Budget Office, the office conducts various planning and administrative management activities and serves as the liaison with the Attorney General's office and the Governor's legal counsel on legal issues.

The Office of Financial Management has overall responsibility for the state's accounting and payroll functions and related systems. The office is responsible for performing central accounting and payroll control activities; developing and issuing statewide accounting policies; maintaining the central vendor/payee file; advising state agencies on the application of generally accepted accounting principles and the use of the state accounting system; monitoring compliance by agencies with state accounting policies; and preparing periodic financial reports, including the State of Michigan Comprehensive Annual Financial Report.

The Center for Educational Performance and Information (CEPI) is part of the Office of Education and Infrastructure and is responsible for collecting and reporting data about the performance of Michigan's public schools and students. It is responsible for managing the state's association with Standard & Poor's School Evaluation Services (SES). The Center works in collaboration with Michigan Department of Education (MDE) and other state agencies, such as the Department of Treasury and the Department of Labor and Economic Growth , to combine all educational data into the Michigan Education Information System (MEIS) and to eliminate duplicate reporting requirements.