"No person in the United States shall, on the grounds of race, color, or national origin, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any program or activity receiving federal financial assistance."
(42 U.S.C. Section 2000d)

For example, the U.S. Department of Transportation provides assistance to the state Department of Transportation, which passes the assistance on to the sub-recipient which may be a local transportation agency, city, county, university, etc. The Michigan Department of Transportation (MDOT) as the recipient or distributor of federal funds to the sub-recipient must monitor the sub-recipient's activities to ensure nondiscrimination in the expenditure of those funds {see Attachment 1; 23 Codes of Federal Regulations (CFR) Section 200.9}.   MDOT must under CFR 23 § 200.9 (b) (7), "Conduct Title VI reviews of cities, counties, consultant contractors, suppliers, universities, colleges, planning agencies, and other recipients of Federal-aid highway funds."