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Flow-Through Entity for R&D Tax Credit
What is a Flow-Through Entity?
A flow-through entity is a business type that passes income and deductions to its owners, who typically report those items on their own income tax returns.
The Michigan Income Tax Act defines a flow-through entity for purposes of the Research and Development (R&D) Tax Credit as any of the following:
- S corporation
- General partnership
- Limited partnership
- Limited liability partnership
- Limited liability company (LLC) not taxed as a corporation for federal income tax purposes
This term is defined under Michigan Compiled Law (MCL) 206.701(d).
What is Not a Flow-Through Entity?
Any entity disregarded or treated as a corporation under MCL 206.699 would not be considered a flow-through entity for the R&D Tax Credit. Common examples include:
- A single-member LLC that has not elected to be taxed as a corporation
- A sole proprietorship
- An entity taxed as a C corporation for federal income tax purposes for the applicable tax year