The OHSP oversees the distribution and use of federal grant funding to its traffic safety partners with the goal of influencing driver behavior and reducing Michigan roadway crashes, injuries, and fatalities. This is done through relevant data-driven, outcome-based approaches, educational materials, and effective traffic safety programs and outreach campaigns.

The OHSP also administers the Truck Safety Fund, established by Public Act 348 of 1988, with the state-funded grant money managed by the Michigan Truck Safety Commission. The OHSP also administers the state-funded Secondary Road Patrol (SRP) program, which was established by Public Act 416 of 1978.

The OHSP director serves as the Governor's Highway Safety Representative. Katie Bower, OHSP director, also serves as chair of the Governor’s Traffic Safety Advisory Commission.