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Vernal pools: Wicked big puddles are a small wonder
May 19, 2025
Today’s MI Environment article is courtesy of the Michigan Department of Natural Resources (DNR).
This year marks the golden anniversary of Michigan’s endangered species law, 50 years of protecting the state’s most vulnerable wildlife and rarest plants. Our collective conservation efforts travel the path from brink of extinction to hopeful recovery, working to shape a future where native species can thrive. Here is one of those stories.
When walking around outdoors this spring – whether in the deep woods or in the wilds of your own backyard, schoolyard or local park – keep an eye out for wicked big puddles. If you see one, look closely and you’ll see that it is teeming with life! Look for the egg masses of frogs and salamanders, tadpoles swimming around, or salamander larvae hiding under leaves.
Pictured: Mackenzie Elementary-Middle School students, of Detroit, visit Maybury State Park looking for small insects with microscopes.
According to Amy Derosier, supervisor of the DNR Wildlife Division’s Planning and Adaptation Section, if you just bend down and look, you’ll be amazed at what you see.
Powerhouse puddles
“Vernal pools are small wetlands that often fill up from rain, snow melt or high groundwater in the spring or fall, and they typically dry up by late summer,” Derosier said. “It’s this seasonal flooding and drying cycle that makes vernal pools different from other wetlands and shapes what kinds of critters use them as habitat.”
Because vernal pools dry up, they don’t have fish, which are major predators on young frogs and salamanders. These pools provide a safe haven for a diversity of frogs and salamanders, allowing the young to have greater survival than in other habitats such as ponds. For some frogs and salamanders that return to breed in the very same pools from where they hatched, these individual vernal pools are irreplaceable.
Habitat health benchmarks
In addition to the diversity of wildlife living under the water – including frogs (like the spring peeper shown here), salamanders, fairy shrimp, beetles and other bugs – vernal pools provide critical watering and feeding places for a plethora of wildlife, including bear, deer, raccoons, skunks, and many other mammals, birds and reptiles. “Sometimes,” Derosier said, “vernal pools are the only water source for miles.”
A spring peeper calls for potential mates among leaf litter on the forest floor.
Rare plants and animals often are dependent on healthy, well-functioning nature to survive. Vernal pools, which help reduce flooding and improve water quality by filtering runoff, can be strong indicators that an area is healthy.
“When we have healthy habitats for rare and unique plants and animals, we have clean water, clean air and places for people to enjoy nature,” Derosier said. “Michigan’s endangered species law is in place to protect the rarest plants and animals. They are part of Michigan’s natural heritage, and they are a part of Michigan’s – and our collective – history, identity and future.”
How to help
Learn more about vernal pools at the Michigan Vernal Pools Partnership (MVPP) website. You’ll find tons of information about vernal pools and the cool critters that rely on them, as well as ways to get involved in their conservation. To discover more about amphibians and reptiles, check out the Michigan Herp Atlas.
Here are other ways to support conservation:
- Learn more about Michigan’s rare plants and animals, and check out Michigan’s Wildlife Action Plan. Share what you learn with others.
- Buy a wildlife habitat license plate to show your support for Michigan’s wildlife.
- Get engaged with and support your local conservation organization, nature center or land conservancy. These groups often offer hands-on education and ways to take action – like pulling invasive plants.
- Donate to Michigan’s Nongame Fish and Wildlife Trust Fund.
Questions? Contact Rachel Lincoln, DNR wildlife communications representative, at LincolnR3@Michigan.gov or 517-243-5813.
To help increase awareness, understanding and protection of vernal pools through conservation, research and mapping, education and outreach and collaboration, the Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) has joined with the Michigan Vernal Pools Partnership (MVPP).