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Manganese in drinking water

person showing glass of water, focus on glass of water
Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy

Manganese in drinking water

Manganese is the 12th most abundant element of the earth’s crust, which means there is a lot of it around us in the environment. Manganese occurs naturally in rocks and soil across Michigan and is often found in Michigan ground and surface water. Your body needs some manganese to stay healthy, but too much can be harmful.

Manganese is an essential nutrient that is naturally present in many foods and available as a dietary supplement. However, too much manganese can increase the risk of health effects. There is substantial evidence that demonstrates that exposure to manganese at high levels can pose a neurotoxic risk (ATSDR, 2012; US EPA, 2004; WHO, 2004).

Manganese is usually not harmful. Drinking water with over 0.05 milligrams per liter (mg/L) may taste bitter or metallic. You may notice dark-colored water or stained fixtures. Amounts above 0.3 mg/L in drinking water increase the risk of health effects, including: Harm to the nervous system causing changes to memory, thinking, mood and motor skills.

Infants are more likely to be at risk. Infant formulas usually contain more manganese than human milk. Infants may take in more manganese than needed if the formula is made with drinking water containing manganese. Infants may also retain more manganese from water because less is passed through normal bodily functions.

Upper Peninsula Groundwater Study (Gogebic and Marquette Counties)

Over the last several years, EGLE has been conducting sampling of public water supplies and in private residential wells, where possible. The last round of sampling events from EPA’s Unregulated Contaminant Monitoring Rule (UCMR) determined that several areas throughout the state have manganese present in their source waters. In particular, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan has a large number of manganese detections, partly due to the underlying geology being iron and manganese rich, which ultimately contributes to manganese concentrations in the subsurface aquifers from which drinking water is often drawn.

This year EGLE will be sampling drinking water wells at private homes and small public water supplies in small communities in need in Michigan. These communities are in regions of the state with groundwater likely to contain manganese, based on an assessment of available historical water well sampling incidence data. The findings of this sampling effort will be used to identify whether these communities would benefit from future grant funds to address practical engineering and managerial challenges associated with manganese contamination.

Self-testing options

To have your water tested for manganese, find a certified drinking water laboratory. You can contact your local drinking water authority for a list of certified labs in your area, or search online using EPA’s drinking water lab certification page.

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Contact us

If you have a concern about your drinking water, find more information or report a concern via the Office of the Clean Water Public Advocate’s Drinking Water Concern System.

Environmental Health Section
Source Water Unit
P.O. Box 30817
Lansing, MI 48909-8311

EGLE-DWEHD-CIP@Michigan.gov