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Volume 4: Investigative approach for petroleum VIAP
2. Addressing acute vapor risks
Unacceptable risks for the VIAP may pose both immediate threats to safety (e.g., fire or explosion potential from petroleum vapors or methane) and possible short-term adverse health effects (acute) from inhalation of toxic chemicals. While rare, the potential for these to occur is often the greatest after a new release but should be initially evaluated in the investigative process for structures within the lateral inclusion zone (LIZ).
NOTE: If strong petroleum odors are detected or combustible, explosive, or O2-deficient conditions are found to exist inside a building, then first responders should be contacted immediately.
The following scenarios are site conditions when short term or acute health effects are possible and need to be evaluated:
- NAPL is less than 5 feet from a structure,
- Soil vapor above the time-sensitive interim action screening levels (TS MSSLs),
- Petroleum odors have been identified within a structure, or
- NAPL has entered an underground conduit that can transport vapor directly to a structure.
Additional Information is provided in Attachment A.4 on the acute vapor risks associated with petroleum.