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EGLE Provides Support to Protect and Restore Michigan Waterways from Nonpoint Source Pollution
October 22, 2025
Some of the most significant issues that threaten the quality of Michigan’s waterways stem from natural and human-made pollutants traveling across the landscape long before reaching a lake or stream. Nonpoint Source (NPS) pollution is caused when rain, snowmelt, or wind carry pollutants into lakes, streams, wetlands, and groundwater from the land around them. It is the leading remaining reason for water quality problems in Michigan. The most effective approach to addressing nonpoint source pollution in water requires an in-depth look at what is happening on land locally.
Land Use Planning to Protect Water Quality
The area of land surrounding a waterbody that funnels rainwater and snowmelt toward that waterbody is called a watershed. Everyone lives in a watershed, and thus the decisions people make on land have a significant impact on our waterways. EGLE tests the water quality of many lakes and rivers each year. With this information, we can identify high quality waters and identify pollutants that threaten water quality.
Local groups, like conservation districts, nonprofit organizations, and municipalities use environmental and social cues to create watershed management plans that prioritize projects to protect or improve water quality. These watershed management plans are the foundation of Michigan’s Nonpoint Source Program, which provides technical and financial support to groups performing this work. If you are curious whether your watershed is currently covered by a watershed management plan, EGLE hosts an interactive map that highlights areas of the state that are covered by one on the NPS webpages.
Resources
- View the conditions of local waters - How's My Waterway | US EPA.
- View the most recent Integrated Report, a biennial report on the quality of Michigan’s water resources – Water Quality and Pollution Control in Michigan Sections 303(d), 305(b), and 314 Integrated Report.
- Explore Michigan’s Story Map of Biological Monitoring: Biological Monitoring of Michigan’s Rivers and Streams.
- Discover whether or not your area is covered by a watershed management plan - Approved Nine-Element Watershed Management Plans.
Common Issues
So, what are some major nonpoint source pollutants in Michigan and why are they a problem?
Pollutants
Nutrients, sediment, bacteria, and thermal water pollution are significant NPS pollutants. Increased quantities of water and speed of stormwater runoff can also greatly harm water quality. Nonpoint source pollutants can harm human health and industries, as well as fisheries and other wildlife health. Issues such as flooding, harmful algal blooms, and contaminated water are direct impacts of nonpoint source pollution.
Sources
Potential sources of nonpoint source pollution include:
- Agriculture.
- Forestry.
- Developed Landscapes.
- Recreational Activities.
- Wildlife.
- Channelization and damming of waterways.
Causes
Where are most watershed management plan efforts in Michigan finding these pollutants to be coming from? Some frequently seen causes include:
- Agricultural management practices.
- Erosion from tree removal.
- Streambank erosion.
- Road/Stream Crossings.
- Parking lot runoff.
- Failing septic systems.
- Lawn and garden fertilizers.
- Leaf and grass litter.
- Pet and other animal waste.
Changes in the landscape and flow paths can intensify these NPS threats. When the natural flow of a stream has been altered (dams, increased development, and drainage) the speed and amount of water entering our waterways increases, which can cause erosion.
Tailored Solutions
Best Management Practices are activities and projects that protect and restore water quality. These solutions help fix the causes listed above. Examples include:
- Comprehensive nutrient management plans on farms.
- Installing fencing that excludes livestock from streams.
- Installation of green infrastructure and low impact deigns that helps store and infiltrate rainwater and stormwater on site.
- Installation and regular maintenance of permeable pavement.
- Conservation easements that permanently protect land from development.
- Planting or maintaining vegetated filter or buffer strips along riparian corridors.
- Regularly inspected and maintained septic systems.
- Public education and engagement to encourage preferred residential and business lawncare.
- Township ordinances that require best management practice such as septic inspection requirements.
The NPS Program maintains an extensive list of best management practices and related resources. The program also has skilled staff that are able to provide tips and guidance to local groups interested in implementing these practices.
Funding Sources
In addition to providing technical support to groups implementing best management practices, the NPS Program provides funding to support this work.
Section 319 Nonpoint Source Watershed Implementation Grants
Under Section 319 of the Clean Water Act, states, territories, and tribes receive federal grant money from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) that supports a wide variety of Nonpoint Source Program activities. Along with other state funding, Michigan passes half of the 319 funds through to local organizations as Nonpoint Source Watershed Implementation grants. Implementation grants support the implementation of activities outlined in EPA-approved watershed management plans. Michigan plans to release a request for proposals for these grants later this year.
Section 604(b) Nonpoint Source Watershed Planning Grants
Section 604(b) of the Clean Water Act provides additional federal funding through Clean Water State Revolving Fund allotments that are specifically designated for watershed planning efforts. Michigan passes at least 40% of these funds through to local groups who are writing or updating watershed management plans.
Other Funding Sources
In addition to federal funding, in 2021 Michigan began making grant funds available to watershed-based organizations. These grants support general organizational administration needs as well as conservation and educational activities, boosting capacity for local organizations doing watershed work. These Watershed Council Grants are dependent on the outcome of the State budget each year. There is currently an open Request for Proposal for Fiscal Year 2026 (Watershed Council RFP FY2026). The deadline to apply is December 10. A webinar about the opportunity will be offered at 2 p.m. on Tuesday, October 28.
The competitive funding sources provided through Michigan’s Nonpoint Source Program have supported nearly one thousand watershed projects throughout the state for the last 35 years. Several successful projects have occurred over multiple years and integrated multiple funding sources.
Resources:
See the Nonpoint Source Program webpages for past and current grant information and technical support.
See the Nonpoint Source Program Success Stories for brief descriptions of our most successful implementation projects.
See the Nonpoint Source Project Summaries page for fact sheets related to projects funded through the NPS Program.
What Can Individuals Do?
Often times individuals wonder what they can do in their everyday lives to support water quality. There are many steps anyone can take within their everyday decisions to protect and improve water quality:
- Be “SepticSmart” - Septic Systems (Decentralized/Onsite Systems) | EPA.
- Landscape for Water Quality - Landscaping for Water Quality - Garden Designs for Homeowners.
- Follow practical tips for homes and yards – Practical Tips for Home and Yard to Improve Water Quality.
- Follow recommended practices for agricultural operations - Protecting Water Quality from Agricultural Runoff.
- Understand and help manage stormwater - Protecting Water Quality from Urban Runoff.
- Work with local watershed-oriented organizations such as watershed councils, conservation districts, and municipalities.
- Work with your local township to enact water quality-oriented ordinances.
- Initiate conservation easements on properties.
- Properly store and maintain equipment.
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