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EGLE kicks off manganese occurrence study in two regions of the Upper Peninsula

The Michigan Department of Environment, Great Lakes, and Energy (EGLE) recently kicked off a Manganese Groundwater Occurrence Study that will focus on sampling drinking water in two Michigan counties; Gogebic and Marquette. While the primary focus of the study is related to manganese, sampling will also include analysis for iron, copper, and zinc.  Sample results will be provided to homeowners and public water supplies, along with a description of what the results mean.  The goal is to better understand the regional occurrence of metals in sources of drinking water and give consumers health information about their water quality.

What is it?

Manganese is a naturally occurring chemical element found across the Earth in rocks, soil, water, and even some foods. While It is an essential nutrient to both humans and animals, high levels of manganese can be toxic, which is why it is more recently being investigated as a contaminant of concern.

Its presence in water appears as black flecks or causes the water itself to be tinted black/dark brown.

Where is it?

Manganese in drinking water is found primarily as a naturally occurring mineral in formations rich in iron and other metallic ores. For example, in the Upper Peninsula, the Banded Iron Formation, BIF, is rich in iron and other metals, thus a concern for manganese water contamination.

What is being done?

Research has highlighted potential health risks associated with elevated manganese levels, leading to its classification as a contaminant of emerging concern.

Studies have shown that prolonged exposure to high levels of manganese can have adverse effects on human health, particularly impacting cognitive and neurological functions, especially in children. Other effects are muscle weakness, lethargy, deficits in memory and motor skills, and damage to reproduction and the nervous system.

As a result, regulatory agencies and environmental organizations are increasingly focusing on monitoring and mitigating manganese levels in drinking water to safeguard public health beyond aesthetic considerations.

Currently, there is no regulatory mandate for public water supplies to routinely test for manganese. However, US EPA has established a drinking water advisory for manganese, and EGLE is conducting the aforementioned manganese occurrence study in Gogebic and Marquette counties.

The study is a collaborative effort between EGLE, WUPHD, Marquette County Health Department, and Michigan Department of Health and Human Services.  Funds for this effort were provided through a $500,000 EPA Emerging Contaminants in Small and Disadvantaged Communities grant.

EGLE has hired contractor AECOM to conduct sampling, which recently started and will continue through spring and early summer of 2026.  Sampling is voluntary and targeted areas have received letters asking for voluntary participation in the study.  EGLE has created a website where the public can obtain additional information about metals in drinking water and details about the groundwater study, Michigan.gov/ManganeseInDrinkingWater.

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