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Soil Health Framework
Soil Health Assessment
What does this look like?
Soil health is assessed for a combination of biological, physical, and chemical properties via shovel test and/or laboratory analysis. Soil health management plans are completed and guide data-driven management decisions that meet growers’ needs.Why is this helpful?
Performing soil health assessments (SHAs) is an important way to create baselines and benchmark progress. SHAs can include information from grower observations, shovel tests, laboratory soil sample analysis, or a combination of these. Growers might note where yields are declining or improving, how crop performance compares to neighboring farms, areas where ponding occurs, or other observations. Shovel tests can be used to identify soil qualities including structure, color, porosity, biological diversity, and root health. Laboratory soil sample analysis offers comprehensive measurements of key physical, chemical, and biological metrics in the soil, including organic matter, nutrients, microbial activity, and aggregate stability. With the help of technical assistance providers or other advisors, growers can utilize any and all of the described approaches to understand the condition of their soil and develop a soil health management plan for improvement. Growers should be aware that, depending on several factors, soils can take years or decades to show meaningful changes – a SHA is not recommended more than once every two years.
| Engaged | Advanced | Leading |
| SHA is conducted once every 2-5 years. Soil health management planning is used to document management practices and soil health outcomes. | Two SHAs are conducted within 4-8 years. SHA results indicate an improvement in one or more component(s) of the SHA. | Three SHAs are conducted within 6-10 years. Soil health management plans indicate an improvement in more than one component of the SHE. The grower consistently observes and records soil conditions. |
Co-benefits on the farm:
- In addition to quantifying the success of soil health management practices, the SHA can help guide fertility recommendations and track changes in other aspects of soil that may influence water management or planting decisions.
- Addresses soil resource concerns such soil aggregate instability, soil subsidence, soil compaction, soil organic matter depletion, and soil organism habitat loss.
- Record soil resilience over time to inform risk management strategies.