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Este es un procedimiento que generalmente se usa después de 16 semanas de embarazo. Este procedimiento normalmente requerirá de una estancia en el hospital de uno a dos días. La piel en el abdomen se adormece mediante un medicamento contra el dolor. A continuación se usa una aguja para inyectar una substancia gota a gota a través del abdomen y al fluido amniótico en el útero que rodea al feto. Generalmente se usa una de tres substancias: una solución de sal (salina), una droga (prostaglandina), o un compuesto químico (urea). Se pueden administrar otros medicamentos para causar el inicio de las contracciones. Los dolores de parto comienzan generalmente en unas cuantas horas, seguidos de la expulsión del feto muerto y de la placenta, generalmente dentro de las 24 horas siguientes. Lo anterior puede ser seguido por un raspado del útero con una cureta (un instrumento filoso similar a una cuchara) para asegurarse que el retiro del feto y otros tejidos ha sido completo. Este procedimiento generalmente requerirá una estancia de un día en el hospital.
A continuación se muestra una lista de algunos de los riesgos que en el pasado se han asociado con este tipo de procedimiento de aborto. No todos estos riesgos podrían presentarse a una sola paciente. Este procedimiento debe de comentarse con su médico para informarse acerca de aquellos riesgos que fueran aplicables en su caso.
Las complicaciones podrían incluir infección, hemorragias severas, y perforación del útero (un agujero o desgarre en la pared de la matriz). Los riesgos de perforación uterina y de laceración son levemente mayores en esta etapa del embarazo que si el aborto se hubiese realizado con anterioridad, debido al mayor tamaño del feto y a las paredes uterinas más delgadas. Otras complicaciones podrían incluir incompetencia cervical (una condición en la cual la cerviz se abre demasiado pronto, aumentando el riesgo de un aborto en embarazos futuros) y lesiones a la cerviz. Abortos repetidos podrían aumentar la posibilidad de un parto prematuro o de un bebé de muy bajo peso en embarazos futuros.
Como resultado de un aborto, algunas mujeres podrían experimentar depresión, sentimientos de culpa, perturbaciones profundas, pérdida de interés en su trabajo o en relaciones sexuales, o ira. Si estos síntomas ocurren y son intensos y persistentes, se recomienda acudir a ayuda profesional.
La muerte materna ocurre en menos de un caso de cada 100,000 abortos.
Por cada 100 hospitalizaciones para parto hay aproximadamente 22 hospitalizaciones por complicaciones en el embarazo. Algunas de las complicaciones del embarazo que podrían resultar en muerte u hospitalización incluyen hemorragia severa o infección, preeclampsia o eclampsia (caracterizada por ataques, hinchazón y alta presión arterial), coágulos, embarazos ectópicos (óvulo fertilizado que crece fuera de la matriz), aborto, muerte del feto o del recién nacido, parto prematuro, infección de las vías urinarias, vómito excesivo durante el embarazo y diabetes.
La muerte materna ocurre en aproximadamente ocho casos de cada 100,000 embarazos.
Hay muchos servicios a su disposición, si usted deseara continuar con su embarazo. Debe usted ponerse en contacto con su departamento de salud local, el Departamento de Salud Comunitaria de Michigan (Michigan Department of Community Health), o con la Agencia de Independencia Familiar (Family Independence Agency) de su condado si le gustaría saber de acerca de los servicios disponibles en su área.
Si desea información acerca de los servicios disponibles a través de las dependencias públicas para ayudarle a colocar a su criatura en un hogar adoptivo o albergue, debe usted ponerse en contacto con la oficina de la Agencia de Independencia Familiar de su condado.
Si su experiencia subsecuente originó efectos adversos debido a su aborto, usted puede comunicarse con la oficina de salud mental de su comunidad, la oficina de salud pública local o su Agencia de Independencia Familiar obteniendo asistencia para asesoramiento.
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