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Study Shows Increase in Older Adult Admissions to Substance Abuse Treatment

October 18, 2010

LANSING - Substance abuse treatment for persons aged 50 and over nearly doubled in Michigan during the last decade, according to a recent Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) study.

In the year 2000, there were 4,399 admissions for persons aged 50 and over. Following steady increases throughout the decade, the number climbed to 9,062 in 2009, or 11.2 percent of all treatment admissions. Treatment agencies reported these numbers through the Treatment Episode Data Set (TEDS) data system that is managed by MDCH's Bureau of Substance Abuse and Addiction Services (BSAAS). The data are for publicly supported treatment services and do not include private insurance or self-pay programs.

The data also show that older persons entering treatment in 2009 are in much worse financial shape than their counterparts from a decade earlier. In 2000, 52 percent of older admissions were unemployed; that number rose to 65 percent in 2009. Full-time employment dropped from 16 percent to 4 percent during this period. And the percentage of older persons who reported having no income rose from 34 percent to 47 percent.

Release of these data follows release of national data by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA). The Michigan and national data are very similar. Nationwide, admissions by persons age 50 and older doubled between 1992 and 2008 (SAMHSA News Release dated 9/9/2010). Across the country, unemployment increased from 19 percent in 1992 to 31 percent in 2008. Full-time employment declined from 23 percent in 1992 to 17 percent in 2008. The national data do include people with private insurance or with the means to pay for their own treatment.

During the decade, alcohol remained the leading factor in older adult admissions, though less so than in the past. In Michigan, alcohol was reported to be a factor in 85 percent of admissions in 2000, declining to 59 percent in 2009. During the same period, heroin increased from 24 percent to 34 percent. There was also an alarming jump in admissions due to synthetic opiates (prescription pain medications, whether obtained legitimately or not), from 1.6 percent to 6.2 percent.

For the most part, the 50-and-older treatment admissions began using alcohol and other drugs when they were quite a bit younger. About 80 percent reported that they began using the drug or drugs that they were involved with at admission by age 25 or younger. This does not mean that they used these drugs for 25-plus years with no ill effects. On the other hand, use of synthetic opiates began less than five years prior to treatment admission.