Articles to Read

• The 1619 Project (all the articles) | The New York Times Magazine
• "The Intersectionality Wars" by Jane Coaston | Vox (May 28, 2019)
• "This Is How Loved Ones Want Us To Remember George Floyd," by Alisha Ebrahimji for CNN.
• Advice to the next president: 7 ways to fight health inequities | Harvard T.H. Chan (2008)
• 3 Ways to Battle Unconscious Bias-American Medical Association
• "Why African American Communities are being hit hard by COVID-19" American Medical Association
• Addressing Social Determinants to Improve Patient Care and Promote Health Equity: An American College of Physicians Position Paper
• CDC Health Disparities and Inequalities Reports (CHDIR) highlight effective public health programs that have reduced disparities.
  • Related documents include:The CDC Conversations in Equity
  • The Health Equity Matters Quarterly Newsletter: the CDC Office of Minority Health and Health Equity (OMHHE) shares news, perspectives and progress in the science and practice of health equity.
• Kilbourne, A. M., Switzer, G., Hyman, K., Crowley-Matoka, M., & Fine, M. F. (2006). Advancing health disparities research within the health care system: A conceptual framework. American Journal of Public Health, 96, 12, 2113-2121. 
• The Combahee River Collective Statement
• Burned Out of Homes and History: Unearthing the Silenced Voices of the Tulsa Massacre
• Smedley, B. D., Stith, A. Y., & Nelson, A. R. (2003). Unequal Treatment: Confronting racial and ethnic disparities in health care. Washington, DC. The National Academies Press.

Maternal & Infant Health Specific Articles

• Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Obstetrics and Gynecology. Committee opinion No. 649. American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Obstet Gynecol. 2015 Dec;126(6):e130-4. 
• Black Women's Maternal Health: A Multifaceted Approach to Addressing Persistent and Dire Health Disparities
• America is Failing its Black Mothers, Harvard Public Health

• National Institute for Children's Health Quality (NICHQ)
  • Four Steps to Address Racism's Impact on Maternal and Child Health
  • The Impact of Institutional Racism on Maternal and Child Health
  • Racism and Public Health: Seeking an Improved Approach for the New Decade
• Lost Mothers, Maternal Care and Preventable Deaths, ProPublica
• Bryant, A. S., Worjoloh, A., Caughey, A. B., & Washington, E. A. (2010). Racial/ethnic disparities in obstetrical outcomes and care: Prevalence and determinants. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 202(4), 335-343.
• Afulani, P., Moyer, C. (2019). Accountability for respectful maternity care. The Lancet, 394, 1692-1693.
• Prather, C., Fuller, T. R., Marshall, K. J., & Jeffries, W. L. (2016). The impact of racism on the sexual and reproductive health of African American women. Journal of Women's Health (2002), 25(7), 664-671. 
• Institute of Medicine. Unequal Treatment: Confronting Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Health Care. Washington, DC: National Academies Press; 2003.
• Vedam S Stoll K Taiwo TK et al. The Giving Voice to Mothers Study: inequity and mistreatment during pregnancy and childbirth in the United States. Reprod Health. 2019; 16: 77.
• Belizán JM, Miller S, Williams C, Pingray V. Every woman in the world must have respectful care during childbirth: a reflection. Reprod Health. 2020 Jan 22;17(1):7. doi: 10.1186/s12978-020-0855-x.
• Afulani PA Sayi TS Montagu D. Predictors of person-centered maternity care: the role of socioeconomic status, empowerment, and facility type. BMC Health Serv Res. 2018; 18: 360
• Sen G Reddy B Iyer A. Beyond measurement: the drivers of disrespect and abuse in obstetric care. Reprod Health Matters. 2018; 26: 6-18
• Moore MD, Brisendine AE, Wingate MS. Infant Mortality among Adolescent Mothers in the United States: A 5-Year Analysis of Racial and Ethnic Disparities. Am J Perinatol. 2020 Jul 23. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1714678. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 32702771.
• Roa L, Uribe-Leitz T, Fallah PN, Williams W, Jarman MP, Bergmark RW, Boatin AA, Molina RL. Travel Time to Access Obstetric and Neonatal Care in the United States. Obstet Gynecol. 2020 Sep;136(3):610-612. doi: 10.1097/AOG.0000000000004053. PMID: 32769634.
• Hung P, Casey MM, Kozhimannil KB, Karaca-Mandic P, Moscovice IS. Rural-urban differences in access to hospital obstetric and neonatal care: how far is the closest one? J Perinatol. 2018 Jun;38(6):645-652. doi: 10.1038/s41372-018-0063-5. Epub 2018 Feb 16. PMID: 29453436.

Mental Health, Stigma & Racial Disparities Articles

• SAMHSA (2015). Racial/ ethnic differences in Mental health service use among adults. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Publication No. SMA-15-4906. Rockville, Md.

LGBTQ+ and Sexual Orientation Disparities Articles

• Sexual Orientation Disparities in Risk Factors for Adverse COVID-19-Related Outcomes, by Race/Ethnicity - Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, United States, 2017-2019
• Medley G, Lipari RN, Bose J, Cribb DS, Kroutil LA, McHenry G. Sexual orientation and estimates of adult substance use and mental health: results from the 2015 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Rockville (MD): Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 2016 Oct [cited 2018 Apr 12]. 54 p.
• Ward BW, Dahlhamer JM, Galinsky AM, Joesti SS. Sexual orientation and health among U.S. adults: National Health Interview Survey, 2013. Hyattsville (MD): National Center for Health Statistics; 2014 [cited 2018 Apr 12]. 12 p.
• Advancing LGBT Health and Well-being: 2016 Report of the HHS LGBT Policy Coordinating Committee. HHS Reports on the health of LGBT Americans, 2016. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS).

Books to Read 

Books on Race & Health Disparities

• An American Health Dilemma: A medical History of African American and The Problem of Race: Beginnings to 1900 by W. Michael Byrd and Linda A. Clayton.
• An American Health Dilemma: Race, Medicine, and Health Care in the United States: 1900-2000 by W. Michael Byrd and Linda A. Clayton
• Black Man in a White Coat: A Doctor's Reflections on Race and Medicine by Damon Tweedy M.D.
• Health Disparities in the United States: Social Class, Race, Ethnicity, and Health by Donald A. Barr 

Books on Reproductive Rights & Race

• Delivered by Midwives: African American Midwifery in the Twentieth-Century South
• Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty by Dorothy Roberts
• Life's Work: A Moral Argument for Choice by Dr. Willie Parker
• Policing the National Body: Race, Gender and Criminalization in the United States edited by Anannya Bhattacharjee and Jael Silliman 
• Reproductive Justice: An Introduction (Reproductive Justice: A New Vision for the 21st Century) by Loretta Ross
• Reproductive Justice: The Politics of Health Care for Native American Women by Barbara Gurr
• Reproducing Race: An Ethnography of Pregnancy as a Site of Racialization by Khiara M. Bridges
• Undivided Rights: Women of Color Organizing for Reproductive Justice by Jael Silliman
• Women of Color and the Reproductive Rights Movement  by Jennifer Nelson 

Podcasts to Subscribe to

• About Race
• Code Switch (NPR)
• Intersectionality Matters! hosted by Kimberlé Crenshaw
• Momentum: A Race Forward Podcast
• Pod for The Cause (from The Leadership Conference on Civil & Human Rights)
• Pod Save the People (Crooked Media)
• Seeing White

This website is intended to serve as an educational resource only, the information contained in the resources is not owned by the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, or the Division of Maternal and Infant Health unless otherwise noted. The opinions expressed in the resources, videos, books, webinars, and articles are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect the view of the Michigan Department of Health and Human Services, or the Division of Maternal and Infant Health.