The web Browser you are currently using is unsupported, and some features of this site may not work as intended. Please update to a modern browser such as Chrome, Firefox or Edge to experience all features Michigan.gov has to offer.
Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Information for the Public
About HPV:
HPV, or human papillomavirus, is a common virus that can cause cancers later in life. More than 9 of every 10 cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV.
Cervical cancer was once the leading cause of cancer deaths among women in the United States.
HPV vaccines and cervical cancer screening have made it one of the most preventable cancers.
-
Transmission (Spread)
HPV is spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact.
You can get HPV by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has the virus, even if they don’t have signs or symptoms.
Babies can also be infected when they pass through the birth canal of a mother infected with HPV.
-
Prevention
HPV vaccines work best when given before contact with the HPV virus.
The routine schedules for HPV vaccination are:
- Two doses of HPV vaccine are recommended for most persons starting the series before their 15th birthday.
Three doses of HPV vaccine are recommended for teens and young adults who start the series at ages 15 through 26 years, and for immunocompromised persons.
HPV vaccination can prevent over 90% of cancers caused by HPV, as well as anal, vaginal, cervical, and vulvar precancers.
Almost all cervical cancer can be prevented by HPV vaccination.
-
Signs and Symptoms
Most HPV infections do not cause symptoms. Most people don't know that they are infected.
HPV virus is the cause of most cervical cancers, anal cancers, vulvar cancers, vaginal cancers, penile cancers, oropharyngeal (back of the throat) cancers.
-
Risk of Disease
- HPV infections are very common. Almost everyone will get HPV at some point in their lives.
- There are approximately 14 million new HPV infections each year in the United States.
- Nearly half of these infections are in persons aged 15 through 24 years.
- On average, 43,999 HPV-associated cancers are reported annually in the U.S.
- 25,000 in females and over 19,000 in males.
- More than 42 million Americans are infected with types of HPV that are known to cause disease.
- HPV is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States and the world.
Cancers Linked With HPV Each Year (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
-
Questions About
Get answers to frequently asked questions about HPV and the vaccine used to prevent it.
Video: Why is the HPV vaccine recommended for adolescents? (Children's Hospital of Philadelphia)
Video: How Kids Get Immunity Against Cancers with the HPV Vaccine (American Academy of Pediatrics)
Video: Why is HPV Vaccine Recommended at Age 9-12? (American Academy of Pediatrics)
A Parent's Guide to Preventing Cancer through HPV Vaccination (MDHHS)
A Parent's Guide to Preteen and Teen HPV Vaccination (immunize.org)
HPV Vaccine for Preteens and Teens (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)
Clear Answers and Smart Advice About Your Baby's Shots (immunize.org)
-
For More Information
How Vaccines Work
Video: How Do Vaccines Work? (American Academy of Pediatrics)
Spanish version: ¿Cómo funcionan las vacunas? (American Academy of Pediatrics) -
Access Your Immunization Record
If you have been immunized in the State of Michigan, you may be able to download your immunization record from the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR).
Visit the Michigan Immunization Portal to learn more or contact your healthcare provider.