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Care for MiWell
Care for MiWell
Do you have private residential well water?
Michigan has over one million private residential wells. These wells serve over 2.6 million people statewide. That is nearly 30% of Michigan residents!
- A private residential well supplies water to a single-family home.
- Water is pumped from groundwater using a water well.
If you have a private well, there are things that you should do to monitor your well system and your drinking water to protect your family's health.
How does the water get to your home through a private residential well?
Learn more in this MiEnviroMinute video.
Drinking Water Projects
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Care for MiWell Sampling Project
The MDHHS Care for MiWell Sampling Project assesses water quality from Michigan’s private wells and helps Michigan families understand the quality of their well water.
Drinking water can become contaminated through natural and human activity. Some contaminants can be harmful to your health if you are exposed to certain levels.

This map shows the area (census tract) in each county in Michigan randomly selected for the project using a statistical method.
Purpose of the Care for MiWell Sampling Project
The Care for MiWell Sampling Project provides free drinking water testing and education for randomly selected private well owners across Michigan. This can help residents identify conditions that impact their home’s drinking water and provide data-backed guidance to help private well owners reduce risks from potential contaminants in well water.
Did you receive a Care for MiWell Sampling project invitation in the mail?
- To be considered for participation in this project, scan the QR code on the bottom of your letter and fill out the interest form.
- Or call 800-648-6942 between 9 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday – Friday and let our staff know you are interested in the Care for MiWell Project.
If you did not get a project invitation but want to stay informed, visit our Learn More page to sign up for the Drinking Water and Health Newsletter to receive project updates and additional information about drinking water.
Additional Resources
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Well Assessed
Take a look at your private residential well today. Click here to read the Well Assessed Project flyer to learn about how you can complete a quick, 10-minute step-by-step well inspection and let us know what you see.

Information About Private Residential Wells
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Private Residential Well Construction
The Michigan Water Well Construction and Pump Installation Code helps protect the health of Michigan well owners. Understanding well construction helps determine any required well maintenance.
Most wells in Michigan are drilled wells. Drilled wells are constructed using plastic or steel casing to keep soil and contaminants out. These wells are drilled deep enough to prevent surface water contamination.
Planning on installing a new private residential well?
Work with your local health department to learn about well construction applications, permits and inspections.
Private Residential Well Parts
The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has a private residential well diagram showing the parts of a well system. The basic parts are:
- Well Casings are pipes that stretch from the surface down to the groundwater. This prevents some contaminants from getting into drinking water. Well casing in Michigan must comply with the well construction code.
- Well Caps are on the top of the well casing to prevent insects, dirt, or vegetation from entering the top of the well. Well caps in Michigan must be on the approved list of components.
- Well Screens are installed at the bottom of certain well casings to help prevent sediment like sand and gravel from getting into the well.
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Private Residential Well Maintenance
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Test Your Drinking Water from Your Well
Most contaminants in water have no taste, color, or smell. The only way you might know if you have a problem is to test your drinking water. If you have a private residential well, testing is your responsibility.
If you are a private residential well owner, it is important to understand what contaminants may be in the groundwater that you use for drinking water. Both natural and human-made contaminants can sometimes be found in groundwater. When you know what contaminants may be in groundwater and where they can be in our environment, you can help protect your drinking water and health. To learn more about how water is contaminated, visit the drinking water contamination page.
Protect Against the Unknown: Test Your Drinking Water from Your Well
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Septic System MaintenanceVideo
More than 1.3 million homes and businesses in Michigan depend on septic systems to treat wastewater. Do you have a septic system? Understanding proper septic system care and how to maintain your septic is important.
Septic System Replacement Loan Program
Throughout Michigan, failing septic systems are often identified as a potential source of pollution that contributes to both public health and environmental concerns. One of the barriers preventing the replacement of septic systems and installation of systems is lack of funding options available to homeowners.
If you are interested in more information on the Septic Replacement Loan Program (SRLP), visit the SRLP website.
For more information visit:
To stay up to date with current resources and opportunities being offered through the program, subscribe to the Drinking Water and Health newsletter.
If you have questions, please contact MDHHS at 800-648-6942.