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Closing the Gap
Understanding Health Disparities
Health disparities are preventable differences in health outcomes across different populations. Examples of disparities include higher rates of illness, shorter life expectancy, and limited access to resources among disadvantaged groups. Social determinants of health (SDOH) like access to nutritious food, safe housing, education, and healthcare are key contributors to these disparities. For example, life expectancy can vary significantly, sometimes by more than a decade, between communities that are just a few miles apart. These differences are often driven by economic inequalities, lack of resources, and systemic barriers that intensify health inequities.
Addressing Health Disparities: Upstream and Midstream Strategies
Closing the health disparity gap requires a dual approach: addressing immediate needs while tackling the root causes of inequality.
Midstream interventions focus on meeting urgent needs such as healthcare access, food security, and housing stability. These initiatives help people improve their health outcomes in the short term and build stronger, more resilient communities.
Some of the Midstream interventions the SDOH Strategy is implementing include:
- Good Housing = Good Health Program
- Food Delivery Service Program
- Community Health Worker Integration to Improve Equity (CITIE) initiatives
- Produce Prescription Pilot Program (P4) for Tribal Communities
- LGBTQ-plus Health and Social Services Disparities (Corktown Health Project)
- Health Equity Through Enhanced Literacy (HEEL) Project
Upstream interventions focus on long-term solutions by addressing the underlying systems and structures that perpetuate inequality. This includes efforts to eliminate racial discrimination, economic disparities, and unequal access to education and healthcare. Some Upstream interventions the SDOH Strategy is implementing include:
- Rural Health Equity Plan
- Michigan Racial Health Equity Think Tank (MiRHETT)
- Health in All Policies Interagency Workgroup Efforts
Both strategies are essential for creating lasting change and ensuring that all individuals have the opportunity to live healthy lives.
Michigan’s SDOH Strategy outlines a plan to close the health disparity gap by addressing the social and economic factors that influence health. The strategy prioritizes populations that are disproportionately affected by these inequities. By focusing on community-driven solutions, improving policies, and enhancing partnerships, Michigan is working to create a more equitable future for all residents.
Want to learn more about Closing the Disparity gap? Check out these resources below:
- MDHHS Systemic Racism Training
- MDCR Racial Equity Toolkit
- CDC: Racism and Health
- National Museum of African American History & Culture: Talking About Race
- Research Article: Black Farmers in the USA and Michigan: Longevity, Empowerment, and Food Sovereignty
- Article: Black farmers were left behind from USDA programs in 2022. : NPR
- MSU Research article on Redlining